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Fishmeal and application of aquatic feed

Fish rely mainly from seasonal coastal mining, a major component used as fertilizer and the rest to dry for a long time and is crushed into fish meal (animal feed), using all essential in the diet of poultry, pigs and fish - species with a high demand for more protein ratio grazing species such as cattle and sheep. About 90% of the world's fishmeal is produced from oily fish such as maclerel, Pilchard, capelin and manhaden, the remaining 10% have less than from white fish species, from whales or some species of shell stone with. The whole body of fish, after removing water and a little oil will be dried and ground into fishmeal. Meal made from white fish species such as pollock no oil, cod, her flat, stone fish, mullet ... part of the fish and the part after filtration. Fat in the final product usually accounts for 3-6%, the subsections of crab, scallops, shrimp occasionally added. Protein quality of the liver, kidneys .. generally lower quality of whole-body protein.

Meal, 55% protein tuna

Lipids in fish meal (not the content of the fish powder) are made from fish oil are 5-10%. Raw material containing 10% of oil, its weight when wet. Typically, much of this oil when squeezed, pressed fish during processing. Fishmeal from fish oil can have the body of material (up to 8% oil), pressed cake (10% oil) or soluble forms, what is sold in the form of concentrated or dried form. The liquid is squeezed contain 13% oil and 6.5% of suspended solids, most of the oil was removed by centrifugation before the solids are concentrated in the form of concentrated or dried form can be dissolved. Most fish meal powder "intact", ie powder that moisture and a little oil has been removed.

Fish is the most valuable component in aquatic feed and, further, it is a major component in the diet of predatory fish and shrimp. It tastes delicious and very good quality, adequate supply of protein with essential fatty acids. If economic terms, it is the only source of protein in aquatic feed. This is also similar to the case of salmon. It is a good source of energy and its oil also has the corresponding components such as vitamins, minerals and other trace elements. However it has a high phosphorus content and easy to pollute. Fish meal and fish oil quality is the substance works well in aquatic feed. Fish meal itself is used as a source of fish oil, helps increase resistance to disease (for animal feed) especially in the early stages of life. The same may be true for aquatic food.

High Quality Fishmeal has a wide application in aquaculture and commercial terms can also be achieved if the quality control of raw materials and processing conditions rigorously. According to growth, intensive aquaculture using aquatic foods containing powder is produced specifically fish, called LT fishmeal. They are manufactured by keeping the time between exploiting short in processing time as possible; keeping ships clean extraction, preservation and marble raw material through freezing and low temperatures used in both cooking and drying process of the production of fish meal without increasing the drying time. LT fishmeal has several advantages compared to other types of fish meal; there are also some advantages similar to shrimp, but this has not been verified. Although LT fishmeal lot more expensive than ordinary fish meal but the food has improved conversion efficiency when adding this type of fish meal, thus reducing the cost of feed per unit of body weight .

Fish are the best foods for fish and crustaceans bone, outstanding quality with high protein content. However, the poor processing and storage will reduce the amino acids, lipid oxidation and is responsible for the generation of anti-nutrients such as histamine and derivatives gizzerosin, quality affects fish but may not affect to shrimp - which has no stomach acid secretion true style. These substances and other amine has been discussed by Pike and Hardy (1994). Chamberlin (1993) noted that salmon have low tolerance for histamine and gizzerosin, while almost no information on the effect of fish meal to all other species. However, Pike and Hardy (1994) in the UK has confirmed the use of fishmeal broken, moldy histamine and tyramine with high volume, will reduce the growth rate of prawn.

The addition of fish meal in feed fisheries are also some differences, depending on the species, stage of development of the species would correspond to diet and nutrition components, respectively. Add common ratio, current limit from a low of 5% in catfish feed to high 60% of marine fish feed. Generally, adding fishmeal are expected to fall by 2000, but will remain as 40% or more for all species except fish bones salmon and catfish. Percentage add salmon (30%) and shrimp (25%) do not expect to reach this stage. However, it depends on the circumstances, this percentage can add increased in intensive aquaculture but less intensive level of involvement, it can be reduced.